BASIC TERMINOLOGIES

involve terms like malware (malicious software), phishing (fraudulent information theft), hacking (unauthorized system access), and data breaches (unauthorized information access). Ransomware encrypts files for ransom, cyber forensics analyzes digital evidence, and cyber espionage involves covert information gathering.

ENCRYPTION & DECRYPTION

Encryption is the process of converting plaintext into coded text to protect data from unauthorized access, ensuring confidentiality. Decryption reverses this process, transforming the coded text back into readable plaintext, allowing authorized users to access the original information.

TYPES OF CYBER CRIMES

Cyber crimes include hacking (unauthorized system access), phishing (fraudulent information theft), identity theft (stealing personal information), cyberstalking (harassing individuals online), malware distribution (spreading harmful software), and ransomware attacks (encrypting files for ransom). These crimes target both individuals and organizations, exploiting digital vulnerabilities for malicious purposes.

CYBER OFFENSES

encompass illegal activities conducted via digital means, including hacking, identity theft, cyberstalking, and distributing malware. These crimes exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks, aiming to steal sensitive data, disrupt services, or cause harm to individuals and organizations.

INTRODUCTION TO IT ACT

The Information Technology (IT) Act of 2000 is a comprehensive legal framework in India designed to address issues related to cyber crimes and electronic commerce. It provides legal recognition for electronic transactions, defines cyber offenses, and establishes penalties for cyber crimes, aiming to create a secure and trustworthy digital environment for individuals and businesses.

AMMENTMENDS

The IT Act of 2000, India’s primary law to address cyber crimes and electronic commerce, has undergone several amendments to address evolving digital threats. Key amendments in 2008 enhanced penalties for cyber offenses, introduced new categories of crimes such as identity theft and cyber terrorism, and expanded the legal framework to better protect user data and privacy in the digital age.